RCTNCT00039962Phase 3 · 2002 · n=500 · SciClone Pharmaceuticals Hepatitis C
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT00040027Phase 3 · 2002 · n=500 · SciClone Pharmaceuticals Hepatitis C
result Completed; results not posted
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT00291616Phase 4 · 2005 · n=52 · Seoul National University Hospital Chronic Hepatitis B
tested HBeAg seroconversion, HBV DNA titer<20,000 IU/mL
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT00580450Phase 1 · 2007 · n=9 · University Of Perugia Hematological Malignancies
tested Efficacy in terms of improvement of immunological reconstitution, infectious mortality; safety as prevention of GvHD.
result In progress (unknown)
Severe Sepsis
tested 28-day Mortality
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT01031966Phase 2 · 2009 · n=120 · sigma-tau i.f.r. S.p.A. END STAGE RENAL DISEASE
tested The measures of immunogenicity, as determined by HI; MN and SRH
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT01938820Phase 4 · 2013 · n=82 · Beijing Friendship Hospital Liver Cirrhosis
tested Regression of HBV-induced liver cirrhosis
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT01943617Phase 4 · 2013 · n=606 · Beijing Friendship Hospital Liver Cirrhosis
tested Decompensated rate of Liver Cirrhosis after 2 years treatment
result Completed; results not posted
Cancer Related Fatigue
tested Change in Cancer-Related Fatigue Scale
result In progress (unknown)
Curable Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma
tested Recurrence-free Survival
result In progress (unknown)
Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing
tested Occurrence of pancreatic infection:
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT02797119Phase 4 · 2016 · n=225 · University Hospital, Lille Pregnancy Complications
tested Bleeding
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT02867267Phase 3 · 2016 · n=1106 · Sun Yat-sen University Sepsis
tested 28-day all-cause mortality
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT02883595Phase 4 · 2016 · n=20 · Sun Yat-sen University Sepsis
tested Ta 1 improving immune function of monocyte for sepsis, used by flow cytometric to measure phagocytosis(CD11b, CD64), antigen presenting(HLA-DR, CD86 and PD-L1), and apoptosis(active caspase 3) on monocyte,
result Completed; results not posted
Small sample; effect at the edge of clinical significance.
RCTNCT02906150Phase 2 · 2016 · n=140 · SciClone Pharmaceuticals Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
tested Time to progression free survival (PFS)
result In progress (unknown)
RCTNCT02906163Phase 1 · 2016 · n=188 · SciClone Pharmaceuticals EGFR Mutation Positive Non Small Cell Lung Cancer
tested Number of treatment-related adverse events
result In progress (unknown)
Liver Failure
tested The liver transplantation-free survival rate of 90 days
result Completed; results not posted
Chronic Hepatitis b
tested HBeAg seroconversion rate at week 72
result In progress (unknown)
RCTNCT035096882014 · n=312 · The First Hospital of Jilin University Hepatitis
tested HBeAg seroconversion rate
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT04428008Phase 2 · 2021 · n=189 · William B. Ershler, MD COVID-19
tested Number of Participants With COVID-19 Infection
result −2.0 participants (Number of Participants With COVID-19 Infection)
RCTNCT04487444Phase 2 · 2020 · n=56 · Rhode Island Hospital Covid19
tested Time to recovery (free of respiratory failure)
result Terminated before completion
Terminated: The study was terminated due to slow enrollment and the transfer of the PI to another institution.
Osteoporotic Pain
tested Change of VAS scores
result In progress (unknown)
RCTNCT05086614Phase 3 · 2021 · n=2500 · Fudan University Stage II Colorectal Cancer
tested 3-year disease-free survival rate
result In progress (recruiting)
RCTNCT053395292022 · n=330 · Nanjing Medical University Acute Aortic Syndrome
tested The highest Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score of 7 days after surgery
result In progress (recruiting)
RCTNCT054874692022 · n=200 · Nanjing Medical University Rheumatic Heart Disease
tested The highest Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score of 5 days after surgery
result In progress (unknown)
RCTNCT06139419Phase 2 · 2023 · n=114 · Sun Yat-sen University Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
tested Completion rate of immunotherapy
result Completed; results not posted
IrAE
tested Symptoms relieving rate
result In progress (unknown)
RCTNCT06584006Phase 2 · 2024 · n=50 · The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Hematological Malignancy
tested Lymphocyte count and its subgroup count
result In progress (recruiting)
Non Small Cell Lung Cancer
tested Number of CTCs
result In progress (recruiting)
Resectable Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
tested Pathologic complete response rate
result In progress (recruiting)
RCTNCT06821100Phase 1 · 2024 · n=75 · The Methodist Hospital Research Institute Vaccine Response
tested Incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events [Safety and Tolerability]
result In progress (recruiting)
RCTNCT06829355Phase 2 · 2025 · n=52 · Beijing Friendship Hospital MCRC
tested Progression-free survival (PFS)
result In progress (recruiting)
RCTNCT069666872025 · n=200 · Nanjing Medical University Aortic Dissection
tested The mean Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score of 7 days after surgery
result In progress (recruiting)
RCTNCT073823752027 · n=300 · Nanjing Medical University Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection
tested Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. The SOFA score evaluates 6 organ systems, ranging from 0, no dysfunction, to 4, failure, and the total score ranges from 0, normal, to 24, most severe form of multiorgan failure.
result In progress (recruiting)
RCTNCT07675980Phase 2 · 2026 · n=136 · Fakih IVF Fertility Center Recurrent Implantation Faliure
tested Live birth more than 24 weeks
result In progress (recruiting)
OpenNCT00001036Phase 1 · n=12 · National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) HIV-associated lipodystrophy — visceral fat reduction
result Completed; results not posted
Small sample; effect at the edge of clinical significance.
OpenNCT02535988Phase 2 · 2015 · Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Colorectal Cancer
tested The proportion of patients with an abscopal response assessed at 7-8 weeks after the initiation of treatment.
result Withdrawn before enrolment
Withdrawn: No recruitment.
OpenNCT02542137Phase 2 · 2015 · Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Small Cell Lung Cancer
tested The proportion of patients with an abscopal response assessed at 7-8 weeks after the initiation of treatment.
result Withdrawn before enrolment
Withdrawn: No recruitment.
OpenNCT02542930Phase 2 · 2016 · Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
tested The proportion of patients with an abscopal response assessed at 7-8 weeks after the initiation of treatment.
result Withdrawn before enrolment
Withdrawn: No recruitment.
OpenNCT02545751Phase 2 · 2016 · n=29 · Hangzhou Cancer Hospital Esophageal Cancer
tested The proportion of patients with tumor responses after the initiation of treatment.
result In progress (unknown)
Non-randomised; effect size cannot be separated from placebo.
Hepatitis B, Chronic
tested Safety and tolerability of REP 2139-Ca + immunotherapy
result Completed; results not posted
Non-randomised; effect size cannot be separated from placebo.
OpenNCT02787447Phase 2 · 2016 · n=46 · First People's Hospital of Hangzhou Lung Adenocarcinoma
tested The proportion of patients with an abscopal response assessed at 1-6 months after the radiation therapy
result In progress (unknown)
Non-randomised; effect size cannot be separated from placebo.
OpenNCT03659578Phase 2 · 2018 · n=69 · Sun Yat-sen University Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
tested Incidence of ≥grade 2 radiation pneumonitis (CTCAE 5.0 version)
result Completed; results not posted
Non-randomised; effect size cannot be separated from placebo.
OpenNCT03663764Phase 2 · 2018 · n=57 · Sun Yat-sen University Thymoma and Thymic Carcinoma
tested Progression-Free Survival
result In progress (unknown)
Non-randomised; effect size cannot be separated from placebo.
OpenNCT04320238Phase 3 · 2020 · n=2944 · Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infection
tested new-onset COVID-19
result In progress (unknown)
Non-randomised; effect size cannot be separated from placebo.
Long-term Effects of Thymosin Alpha 1 Treatment
tested three years mortality
result In progress (recruiting)
OpenNCT04963712Early Phase 1 · 2021 · n=20 · Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center HIV-associated lipodystrophy — visceral fat reduction
tested Change in CD4+T cell counts
result Completed; results not posted
Non-randomised; effect size cannot be separated from placebo.
OpenNCT05790447Phase 2 · 2023 · n=60 · Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Advanced Solid Tumor
tested Overall response rate (ORR)
result In progress (unknown)
Non-randomised; effect size cannot be separated from placebo.
ObseNCT060243562023 · n=47 · Beijing Friendship Hospital Colorectal Neoplasms
tested 3-y DFS
result Completed; results not posted
OpenNCT06056804Phase 2 · 2024 · n=20 · Beijing Friendship Hospital Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
tested CR rate
result In progress (active-not-recruiting)
Non-randomised; effect size cannot be separated from placebo.
Gastric Cancer
tested pathological Complete Response (pCR)
result In progress (recruiting)
Non-randomised; effect size cannot be separated from placebo.
OpenNCT07644897Phase 2 · 2023 · n=55 · Sun Yat-sen University Melanoma
tested Objective Response Rate
result In progress (recruiting)
Non-randomised; effect size cannot be separated from placebo.
Treatment studies
tested multisystem immune-related adverse events (irAEs)
result Patient developed high fever, rash, interstitial pulmonary edema, and multiple organ failure after combination therapy.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested mouse · Direct visualization of cell movement in the embryonic olfactory bulb using green fluorescent protein transgenic mice: evidence for rapid tangential migration of neural cell precursors.
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested mouse · [Effects of thymosin alpha1 on immune effector molecules of mouse].
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rat · [Triplet anti-tumor therapy based on thymosin α-1 attenuates incidence of hepatoma and serum alpha-fetoprotein level in rat hepatoma model].
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rodent · Efficacy of Intravitreal Injections of Triamcinolone Acetonide in a Rodent Model of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy.
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested mouse · Dynamics of hematopoiesis is disrupted by impaired hematopoietic microenvironment in a mouse model of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested mouse · Age-related exacerbation of hematopoietic organ damage induced by systemic hyper-inflammation in senescence-accelerated mice.
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rat · Beneficial Effects of Indigenous Probiotics in High-Cholesterol Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemic Rats.
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rat · Efficacy of a combined anti-seizure treatment against cholinergic established status epilepticus following a sarin nerve agent insult in rats.
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested mouse · Effect of synthetic thymic hormones on the cocaine-induced inhibition of the primary immune response in mice. (PMID 8253538 · DOI 10.1016/0192-0561(93)90005-j)
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested mouse · Efficacy of combination therapy with amantadine, thymosin alpha 1 and alpha/beta interferon in mice infected with influenza A virus. (PMID 8799359 · DOI 10.1016/0192-0561(96)00002-1)
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rat · Acidic fibroblast growth factor enhances neurite outgrowth and stimulates expression of GAP-43 and T alpha 1 alpha-tubulin in cultured neurones from adult rat dorsal root ganglia. (PMID 8888008 · DOI 10.1016/0304-3940(96)12958-x)
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested mouse · High doses of thymosin alpha 1 enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of combination chemo-immunotherapy for murine B16 melanoma.
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Anti-PD-1 antibody therapy combined with thymosin alpha-1 improves the postoperative prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy: a prospective cohort study
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested [Effect of recombinant prothymosin alpha on secretion of IFN-gamma, IFN-alpha and TNF-alpha in vitro].
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested [The anti-tumor efforts of thymosin alpha1 on tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells in colon cancer in vitro and in vivo].
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested A randomized controlled trial of thymalfasin plus transarterial chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Effect of thymosin alpha-1 on subpopulations of Th1, Th2, Th17, and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in vitro.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Effect of Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat ali) extract on human spermatozoa in vitro.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Dual effect of Thymosin α 1 on human monocyte-derived dendritic cell in vitro stimulated with viral and bacterial toll-like receptor agonists.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested [Effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with thymosin alpha 1 on the autophagy of immune cells from advanced hepatocellular carcinoma].
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Cellular proteostasis: a new twist in the action of thymosin α1.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested [Preparation and <i>in vitro</i> biological performance evaluation of tannic acid-Brushite <i>in situ</i> composite bone cement material].
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Alpha-1-thymosin and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma patients: a preliminary experience.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested A novel thymosin peptide stimulates interleukin-6 release from rat C6 glioma cells in vitro.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.