Alcohol Drinking
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT002270582005 · n=100 · University of Mississippi Medical Center Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis
tested Improvement in nasal symptom scores from baseline after intervention
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT00266331Phase 2 · 2004 · n=150 · Nathalie Johnson Breast Cancer
tested Reduction in skin damage
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT00506688Phase 2 · 2007 · n=153 · Mukoviszidose Institut gGmbH Cystic Fibrosis
tested Differences between inhaled glutathione and inhaled normal saline with respect to the area under the curve of FEV1 % predicted (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) within the period from baseline to week 24 (V5, EOT)
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT01016080Phase 1 · 2009 · n=60 · Chulalongkorn University Skin Whitening
tested Skin melanin index
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT010442772010 · n=61 · Milton S. Hershey Medical Center Healthy Adults
tested Evaluation of the effect of glutathione on key biomarkers
result Completed; results not posted
Nephropathy
tested Serum creatinine
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT01177319Phase 2 · 2003 · n=20 · University of South Florida Parkinson's Disease
tested Timed walking test
result Completed; results not posted
Small sample; effect at the edge of clinical significance.
RCTNCT01398748Phase 1 · 2012 · n=34 · Bastyr University Parkinson's Disease (PD)
tested Determination of Safety
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT02424708Phase 2 · 2015 · n=45 · Bastyr University Parkinson's Disease
tested Change in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Score
result Completed; results not posted
RCTNCT02848417Phase 1 · 2016 · n=75 · South Florida Veterans Affairs Foundation for Research and Education Gulf War Syndrome
tested Biomarker response to therapy using a VO2 exercise test
result In progress (unknown)
RCTNCT03020719Phase 2 · 2017 · n=60 · University of Minnesota Cystic Fibrosis
tested Change in Weight-for-age Z-score
result −0.1 Z-score (Change in Weight-for-age Z-score)
Discoloration, Tooth
tested Colour assessment
result In progress (unknown)
RCTNCT05371288Early Phase 1 · 2025 · University of California, Irvine COVID-19
tested Assess Changes in Symptoms of Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID (PASC)
result Withdrawn before enrolment
Withdrawn: No longer studying long COVID
RCTNCT069226692025 · n=232 · General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region Drug Induced Liver Injury
tested Improvement of DILI on the second week
result In progress (recruiting)
RCTNCT07572890Phase 1 · 2026 · n=100 · Adia Med of Winter Park LLC Chronic Kidney Disease
tested Change from Baseline in Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)
result In progress (recruiting)
Treatment studies
tested weight-for-age z score, BMI z score, height z score, fecal calprotectin, liver function, systemic inflammation
result GSH gained +0.67 SD wfaszs (19.1 percentile pts) vs +0.1 SD (2.1 pts) placebo; BMI +0.69 SD vs +0.22 SD; height +0.2 SD vs -0.06 SD; fecal calprotectin -52.0 vs +0.5; all P<0.0001
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Treatment studies
tested skin lightening (spectrophotometry) and facial dark spot size/color at 6 and 12 weeks
result Significant skin lightening and reduction in facial dark spot size after 12 weeks with L-Cystine 500 mg + L-Glutathione 250 mg combo; superior to placebo, L-Cystine alone, and GSH alone.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Treatment studies
tested Ultrasound liver steatosis grade, Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI)
result Nutraceutical group (Vit E + L-glutathione + silymarin) showed greater NAFLD regression; HSI improved 49.3±10.1 → 43.3±9.0 (p=0.01) vs diet alone.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Treatment studies
tested liver function (ALT, AST, TBIL, ALB), fibrosis markers (HA, PC III, LN), HBV-DNA negative conversion rates, adverse reactions
result ALT: 348.96→31.11 U/L (GSH+ETV) vs 347.90→56.90 U/L (ETV alone). Fibrosis markers and HBV-DNA clearance improved; no increase in adverse reactions.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Treatment studies
tested serum PCIII, IVC, TNF-a, IL-6, liver function markers, nutritional status
result Entecavir + glutathione group B achieved 97.82% effective treatment rate vs 76.08% in group A; greater reductions in TNF-a, IL-6, PCIII, IVC, ALT, AST, TBIL and improved nutritional parameters.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Diagnostic & mechanistic studies
tested GSH/GSSG ratio in arterial cord blood, venous cord blood, and postnatal samples
result No significant difference in GSH/GSSG ratios: arterial cord 7.5 vs 37 (p=0.52), venous cord 8.4 vs 76 (p=0.12), postnatal 14 vs 8 (p=0.98).
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
OpenNCT00323583Phase 2 · 2006 · n=80 · Seattle Cancer Treatment and Wellness Center Adenocarincoma of Pancreas
tested Clinical response rate (PS improvement by ECOG score, analgesic dose reduction)
result In progress (unknown)
Non-randomised; effect size cannot be separated from placebo.
OpenNCT02324426Phase 1 · 2014 · n=15 · University of Washington Parkinson's Disease
tested The concentration of metabolites before and after (in)GSH will be compared (change in mean GSH concentration)
result Completed; results not posted
Non-randomised; effect size cannot be separated from placebo.
Treatment studies
tested HCV-RNA levels, liver enzymes (ALT), liver histology (HAI score), quality of life (SF-36)
result 48% favorable response in ≥1 parameter; ALT normalization in 44%; viral load decrease ≥1 log in 25%; histologic improvement in 36.1%; SF-36 improved in 58%. Well tolerated, no major AEs.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Treatment studies
tested platelet TBARS levels and platelet membrane fluidity (fluorescence polarization)
result TBARS decreased significantly (P=0.01); platelet membrane fluidity improved significantly (P=0.001) after 3 months antioxidant supplementation including L-glutathione 5 mg/day.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Treatment studies
tested flow-mediated dilation (RHI), arterial stiffness, lipid profile, oxidative stress markers
result LDL and total cholesterol reduced vs placebo (P=0.023, P=0.04); no difference in RHI or oxidative stress overall; n=7 with abnormal baseline RHI showed reduced arterial stiffness (P=0.007, P=0.037).
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Diagnostic & mechanistic studies
tested pungency intensity of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) and piperine via sensory evaluation
result GSH and γ-Glu-Val-Gly significantly increased AITC pungency; γ-Glu-Val-Gly also increased piperine pungency. GSH effect suppressed by CaSR inhibitor NPS-2143; anserine (no CaSR) had no effect.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Treatment studies
tested serum MDA, protein carbonyl, GSH, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)
result Amlodipine vs placebo: MDA Hedges's g -0.59 (8.3% change difference), TAC g 0.42 (12.9%), GSH g 0.26 (3.1%), protein CO g -0.11 (2.2%); MDA and TAC met 5% clinical significance threshold.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Treatment studies
tested sperm DNA fragmentation index, concentration, total count, vitality
result DFI decreased 45.6%→34.8%; concentration 29.7→35.7×10⁶/mL; total count improved (p=0.012); vitality 75.5→81.1% (p<0.001)
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Diagnostic & mechanistic studies
tested Association of ROS, GSH, and D-dimer levels at admission with mortality
result Non-survivors had high D-dimer and ROS; overall mortality 43% (30.6% moderate, 69.4% severe). Elevated ROS+D-dimer predicted poor outcomes; GSH direction not explicitly quantified.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Diagnostic & mechanistic studies
tested Intracellular GSH/GSSG ratio and extracellular native thiol/disulphide balance in blood
result AD patients had lower GSH (p<0.001) and higher GSSG/GSH vs controls; GSSG/GSH predicted severity (OR 1.352 moderate, 1.829 severe); MMSE correlated rho=-0.488 with GSSG/GSH.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Treatment studies
tested incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) per KDIGO/creatinine criteria
result AKI incidence 10.6% (GSH group) vs 18.0% (non-GSH group), p=0.009; multivariate OR=0.573 (95% CI 0.353–0.931, p=0.025) for GSH as independent protective factor.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Treatment studies
tested serum TNF-α, hs-CRP, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)
result TNF-α significantly decreased (Δ5.40 pg/mL, p=0.002); hs-CRP change 0.40 mg/L (p=0.656, NS); NLR difference 0.55 (p=0.055, NS).
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Treatment studies
tested brain damage markers (S-100β, BFABP), Glasgow coma scale, Pediatric Risk of Mortality III, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α), lipid peroxidation (SOD)
result GSH improved brain damage markers (S-100β, BFABP), increased GCS scores, reduced PRISM III scores, lowered IL-6 and TNF-α, and decreased lipid peroxidation in pediatric SAE patients.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Diagnostic & mechanistic studies
tested GSH/GSSG ratio as diagnostic biomarker for infection type; ROC curve diagnostic accuracy
result Bacterial infections showed higher oxidative stress markers than viral; combined GSH+GSSG analysis with heatmaps and ROC curves improved diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing infection types.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Treatment studies
tested total effective rate, ALT, AST, GGT, ALB, TNF-α, IL-17, IL-10, adverse reactions
result Total effective rate 94.59% (treatment) vs 76.92% (control, P=.029); ALT/AST significantly lower in treatment group; TNF-α and IL-17 decreased, IL-10 increased (all P=.000).
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Diagnostic & mechanistic studies
tested association between plasma reduced glutathione and neutrophil / total leukocyte counts
result Reduced glutathione levels significantly associated with neutrophil counts (p=0.009), strongest predictor among variables; clozapine dose and treatment duration also contributed.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Treatment studies
tested serum alcohol AUC, serum acetaldehyde AUC, hangover symptom questionnaire
result Ready Q: serum alcohol AUC -94.92 mg·h/dL, acetaldehyde AUC -8.441 mg·h/dL vs placebo. Theracurmin alone: alcohol AUC -117.21 mg·h/dL, acetaldehyde AUC -8.161 mg·h/dL.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Diagnostic & mechanistic studies
tested salivary glutathione and selenium levels as biomarkers of oral cancer risk
result Glutathione reduced in OSCC (5.047±0.5115 µM) vs high-risk (5.273±0.3240 µM) and low-risk controls (5.618±0.5213 µM); selenium elevated in OSCC and high-risk vs controls.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Diagnostic & mechanistic studies
tested Whole-blood GSH pharmacokinetics (iAUC0-24, Cmax, Tmax), targeted glutathione-related metabolite panel, clinical safety markers (ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine)
result LMG 300mg vs STD 500mg: iAUC0-24 1287.5 vs 517.8 µg·mL·h (p=0.0064); ΔCmax 103.9 vs 42.8 µg/mL (p=0.0003); ~2.49× higher exposure; dose-normalized ~4×. Safe over 30 days at 600 mg/d.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Diagnostic & mechanistic studies
tested glutathione redox homeostasis, antioxidative capacity, nitrosative/carbonyl/oxidative stress, inflammation (IL-12 family, albumin), angiogenesis factors, apoptosis markers
result ccRCC vs. controls: elevated oxidative/electrophile stress, hypoxia, inflammatory and angiogenic factors; reduced anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and apoptosis markers; glutathione redox altered as active adaptive mechanism.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Diagnostic & mechanistic studies
tested serum S-(PGJ₂)-glutathione level as diagnostic biomarker; AUC, sensitivity, specificity by ROC
result S-(PGJ₂)-glutathione significantly downregulated in DAs; total-cohort AUC=0.949, sensitivity=0.789, specificity=0.949; identified as independent biomarker by multivariate logistic regression.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Treatment studies
tested OSDI, FACES scale, TFBUT, Schirmer test, NEI fluorescein staining, tear cytokines
result HA + GSH-C4 significantly improved OSDI (p<0.001), FACES (p=0.012), TFBUT (p<0.001), NEI-SS (p<0.001) vs HA alone; 15/16 completed; reversible cytokine elevation noted.
Published human study (PubMed / Europe PMC), extracted from its abstract — not a CT.gov-registered trial.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rat · [Effect of subtherapeutic doses of docetaxel (taxotere) on the efficacy of radiotherapy and pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance in rats with Guerin's carcinoma].
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rat · [An experimental study on hepatotoxicity of topiramate in young rats].
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rat · Aminothiol receptors for decorporation of intravenously administered (60)Co in the rat.
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rat · [Antiteratogenic capacity of resveratrol in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats].
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rat · A randomized study to assess the efficacy of herbal product to prevent cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in a rat model.
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rat · Anti-hyperglycaemic Effects of Rutin on Blood Glucose, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Lipid Peroxidation in Alloxan-induced Hyperglycaemic Wistar Rats.
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rat · [Baicalin treats cerebral ischemia reperfusion-induced brain edema in rats by inhibiting TRPV4 and AQP4 of astrocytes].
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rat · [Effect of electroacupuncture of "Weizhong" (BL40) on iron metabolism disorder in rats with lumbar multifidus muscle injury].
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rat · <i>Tapinanthus dodoneifolius</i> leaf inhibits the activity of carbohydrate digesting enzymes and improves the insulin resistance induced in rats by dexamethasone.
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rat · Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress effects of Sclerocarya birrea (Anacardiaceae) trunk bark aqueous extract on acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats.
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested rat · A multi-target approach using Moringa oleifera leaf extract in ameliorating PTZ-induced epilepsy-like neurobehavior in male rats: in vivo and in silico study.
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested mouse · AI-2 combined with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG remodels gut microbiota structure to alleviate intestinal oxidative stress injury in a mouse necrotizing enterocolitis model.
result Preclinical publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; effect details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Glutathione impacts both <i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</i> virulence and amphibian cellular defence in a chytridiomycosis model
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Glycine attenuates hepatocellular depression during early sepsis and reduces sepsis-induced mortality.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Allosteric modulation of the calcium-sensing receptor by gamma-glutamyl peptides: inhibition of PTH secretion, suppression of intracellular cAMP levels, and a common mechanism of action with L-amino acids.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Effects of rapamycin treatment on pancreatic fibrosis, cellular apoptosis and oxidative stress in experimental chronic pancreatitis model.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Carbon-Dot-Based Nanosensors for the Detection of Intracellular Redox State.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Disruption of the methionine cycle and reduced cellular gluthathione levels underlie potex-potyvirus synergism in Nicotiana benthamiana.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Different cellular mechanism of imidacloprid and acetamiprid by a combined targeted lipidomics and metabolomics approach in Neuro-2a cells.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Glutathione Pulse Therapy: Promote Spatiotemporal Delivery of Reduction-Sensitive Nanoparticles at the "Cellular Level" and Synergize PD-1 Blockade Therapy.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Enhanced Biocompatibility by Evaluating the Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Chitosan on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells (HCC).
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested African swine fever virus enhances viral replication by increasing intracellular reduced glutathione levels, which suppresses stress granule formation.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Glutathione Impacts Both Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Virulence and Amphibian Cellular Defense in a Chytridiomycosis Model.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.
Preclinical / mechanistic research
tested Evaluating the hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of herbal medicine on swiss albino mice: an in-vivo, in-vitro and in-silico insights.
result In-vitro publication captured from PubMed/Europe PMC; assay details require paper-level extraction.